Showing posts with label Pollution and Health. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Pollution and Health. Show all posts
Tuesday, 16 July 2019
Tuesday, 4 June 2019
Environmental Injustice in South Durban: Community caught between toxic polluters and climate shocks
by Shanice Firmin
Section
24 of the South African Constitution enshrines that “everyone has the
right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or
well-being and to have the environment protected for the benefit of
present and future generations, through reasonable legislative and other
measures that prevent pollution and ecological degradation and secure
ecologically sustainable development and use of natural resources while
promoting justifiable economic and social development”.
This is an underpinning statement of an individual’s environmental right. In South Durban however, the enshrined environmental rights do not translate into reality for many in the surrounding community. This particular area in KwaZulu-Natal is one of the most heavily air polluted areas in Southern Africa (Nriagu et al, 1999; Matooane and Diab, 2002), and at the same time is still held by the ravage of apartheid that is deep-rooted in many of the social and environmental grievances experienced today. This is why the South Durban Community Environmental Alliance (SDCEA) has been relentless in compelling transformation to ensure that environmental justice is upheld.
This is an underpinning statement of an individual’s environmental right. In South Durban however, the enshrined environmental rights do not translate into reality for many in the surrounding community. This particular area in KwaZulu-Natal is one of the most heavily air polluted areas in Southern Africa (Nriagu et al, 1999; Matooane and Diab, 2002), and at the same time is still held by the ravage of apartheid that is deep-rooted in many of the social and environmental grievances experienced today. This is why the South Durban Community Environmental Alliance (SDCEA) has been relentless in compelling transformation to ensure that environmental justice is upheld.

The
South Durban community shares their neighbourhood with two of the
country’s biggest oil refineries practically sitting on the residents’
doorsteps. These refineries have controversially been major sources of
air pollution and the associated high levels of asthma, cancer and
leukemia. With air pollution killing an estimated 20,000 South Africans
every year, this is yet another case of profit prioritised over people.
Due to the tactics used by developers, the South Durban community is faced with similar environmental injustice in the current democratic era as what it experienced under apartheid.
However, it is also home to one of the largest home-based petro-chemical and chemical industries in the country, responsible for calamitous air pollution. The oil refinery duo, ENGEN and SAPREF, are located at the core of this toxic district (Scott and Barnett, 2009). In addition, South Durban also shares its community with the largest chemical industry cluster, including Mondi and Sappi paper mill. These industries combined contribute significantly to the pollution in the area. Incorporated in this assortment is the transport infrastructure linked with Africa’s leading port, Durban, as well as the 300 smaller chemical industries and their 150 smoke stacks that pump the lethal poison that’s contained in the dirty South Durban air.
The vulnerable residents of Merebank, Wentworth, Clairwood, Bluff, and Umlazi have been the victims of cumulative ambient SO² concentrations that are among the highest recorded levels in South Africa. According to Wiley (1996), a study by Dr Kistnasamy in pronounced that children from Settlers Primary School fence line to Engen were three times more likely to be at risk from respiratory illnesses than children attending school north of Durban.
Not only will this deathtrap add to past and continuing adverse environmental impacts emanating from industrial activities in South Durban, it will also result in these impacts being distributed in such a manner as to unfairly discriminate against the residents and children of South Durban, who are already vulnerable and disadvantaged persons.
This goes beyond air pollution and the grave health impacts suffered by the local residents. This ongoing situation also flies in the face of the greenhouse gas emissions reduction commitments made at the United Nations Climate Summits in 2011 in Durban and 2015 in Paris to curb global warming. In the light of mounting evidence of the urgency and scale of the climate crisis, inaction by our South African amounts to climate denialism. Then Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan (2016) pretentiously boasted “South Africa’s retort to the global climate change crisis” not long after expressing his satisfaction that “work had begun on a new gas terminal and oil ship repair facilities at Durban”. Sadly, these contradictions are still engrained in our current political narrative: in his State of the Nation Address on 14 February 2019, President Cyril Ramaphosa celebrated Total’s new Brulpadda oil and gas discovery off South Africa’s coast as a “game-changer”, while in the same breath calling on South Africans to take climate change seriously, stating that “unless we tackle climate change, we will not be able to meet our developmental objectives”.
So, what does this mean for the residents of South Durban who live in such a heavily contaminated area, where industries are escalating toxic emissions to meet the demands of business as usual? South Durban is located on a flood plain, with the majority of development in close proximity to the coastline, which have been experiencing climate change impacts since as early as 2008.
In June 2008, a storm flooded much of the South Durban basin, preventing the Wentworth and Bluff communities from accessing the main highway. A day prior to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP17) summit opening in November 2011, a heavy downpour of rain inflicted such disorder that many lost their lives when RDP houses caved in and collapsed.
In August 2012, the Durban port berths 203 to 205 awaiting extension were severely damaged as a result of heavy winds that caused a ship to collide against cranes, subsequently ensuing a two-week closure, and in our backyard, trucks leaving the Engen facility were found waterlogged.
In October 2017, an extreme storm left South Durban beleaguered, and an estimated 18 residents died. Gusts of wind were recorded at 180km/hour, which steered an MSC container ship into the mouth of the harbour. This storm will go down in the book of history for the micro plastic nurdles that suffocated our entire coastline as a result.
Most recently, KwaZulu-Natal and South Durban residents felt the shock of the major storm that destroyed everything in its path in April 2019. This storm made waves when it broke October 2017’s rainfall record, with a whopping 165mm of rain recorded by the South African Weather Service. The destructive storm led to the death toll rising to approximately 100 deaths, homes collapsed and washed away, and damage to infrastructure escalating the cost of repair to R658m according to a report that was tabled at the eThekwini municipality’s executive committee on 3 May 2019. As a result, Premier Willies Mchunu have stated that the south coast of Durban be declared a disaster area after the floods.
Serious emphasis needs to be placed on enacting meaningful and binding climate change laws that will prohibit the flimsy and flawed approach our country and elected leaders of the world currently have towards climate change. Effective climate change adaptation and resilience plans and strategies need to be fleshed out in order to prepare for extreme weather events and environmental and climate shocks such as these – events that we are often ill prepared for.
This should be aligned with the need to consider more accurately the potential social, environmental and economic costs of proposed industrial, infrastructure or urban development projects.
Environment Impact Assessments are supposed to do just that, taking into account inter-related environmental, socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse. Yet back in 2012, Cornell University recommended that “there should be an attempt to rewrite existing assessment legislation”. South Africa has one of the most progressive constitutions and policies which read immaculate on paper, but our experiences on the ground prove a huge disconnect between policy and reality. In order to achieve climate justice laws, need to be rewritten by the experiences encountered on the ground together with enforcement of these laws. In reality and still today, the judge places an onus on the applicant – usually civil society – to prove that an activity is likely to cause a significant impact on the environment.
It’s essential that we revise our legislation and policies so that it speaks to the needs of the country and today’s realities. In this process, participation from the ground up is a constitutional requirement, and we need our newly elected Parliament and Provincial Legislatures to push for greater participation and transparency.
Due to the tactics used by developers, the South Durban community is faced with similar environmental injustice in the current democratic era as what it experienced under apartheid.
However, it is also home to one of the largest home-based petro-chemical and chemical industries in the country, responsible for calamitous air pollution. The oil refinery duo, ENGEN and SAPREF, are located at the core of this toxic district (Scott and Barnett, 2009). In addition, South Durban also shares its community with the largest chemical industry cluster, including Mondi and Sappi paper mill. These industries combined contribute significantly to the pollution in the area. Incorporated in this assortment is the transport infrastructure linked with Africa’s leading port, Durban, as well as the 300 smaller chemical industries and their 150 smoke stacks that pump the lethal poison that’s contained in the dirty South Durban air.
The vulnerable residents of Merebank, Wentworth, Clairwood, Bluff, and Umlazi have been the victims of cumulative ambient SO² concentrations that are among the highest recorded levels in South Africa. According to Wiley (1996), a study by Dr Kistnasamy in pronounced that children from Settlers Primary School fence line to Engen were three times more likely to be at risk from respiratory illnesses than children attending school north of Durban.
Not only will this deathtrap add to past and continuing adverse environmental impacts emanating from industrial activities in South Durban, it will also result in these impacts being distributed in such a manner as to unfairly discriminate against the residents and children of South Durban, who are already vulnerable and disadvantaged persons.
This goes beyond air pollution and the grave health impacts suffered by the local residents. This ongoing situation also flies in the face of the greenhouse gas emissions reduction commitments made at the United Nations Climate Summits in 2011 in Durban and 2015 in Paris to curb global warming. In the light of mounting evidence of the urgency and scale of the climate crisis, inaction by our South African amounts to climate denialism. Then Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan (2016) pretentiously boasted “South Africa’s retort to the global climate change crisis” not long after expressing his satisfaction that “work had begun on a new gas terminal and oil ship repair facilities at Durban”. Sadly, these contradictions are still engrained in our current political narrative: in his State of the Nation Address on 14 February 2019, President Cyril Ramaphosa celebrated Total’s new Brulpadda oil and gas discovery off South Africa’s coast as a “game-changer”, while in the same breath calling on South Africans to take climate change seriously, stating that “unless we tackle climate change, we will not be able to meet our developmental objectives”.
So, what does this mean for the residents of South Durban who live in such a heavily contaminated area, where industries are escalating toxic emissions to meet the demands of business as usual? South Durban is located on a flood plain, with the majority of development in close proximity to the coastline, which have been experiencing climate change impacts since as early as 2008.
In June 2008, a storm flooded much of the South Durban basin, preventing the Wentworth and Bluff communities from accessing the main highway. A day prior to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP17) summit opening in November 2011, a heavy downpour of rain inflicted such disorder that many lost their lives when RDP houses caved in and collapsed.
In August 2012, the Durban port berths 203 to 205 awaiting extension were severely damaged as a result of heavy winds that caused a ship to collide against cranes, subsequently ensuing a two-week closure, and in our backyard, trucks leaving the Engen facility were found waterlogged.
In October 2017, an extreme storm left South Durban beleaguered, and an estimated 18 residents died. Gusts of wind were recorded at 180km/hour, which steered an MSC container ship into the mouth of the harbour. This storm will go down in the book of history for the micro plastic nurdles that suffocated our entire coastline as a result.
Most recently, KwaZulu-Natal and South Durban residents felt the shock of the major storm that destroyed everything in its path in April 2019. This storm made waves when it broke October 2017’s rainfall record, with a whopping 165mm of rain recorded by the South African Weather Service. The destructive storm led to the death toll rising to approximately 100 deaths, homes collapsed and washed away, and damage to infrastructure escalating the cost of repair to R658m according to a report that was tabled at the eThekwini municipality’s executive committee on 3 May 2019. As a result, Premier Willies Mchunu have stated that the south coast of Durban be declared a disaster area after the floods.
Serious emphasis needs to be placed on enacting meaningful and binding climate change laws that will prohibit the flimsy and flawed approach our country and elected leaders of the world currently have towards climate change. Effective climate change adaptation and resilience plans and strategies need to be fleshed out in order to prepare for extreme weather events and environmental and climate shocks such as these – events that we are often ill prepared for.
This should be aligned with the need to consider more accurately the potential social, environmental and economic costs of proposed industrial, infrastructure or urban development projects.
Environment Impact Assessments are supposed to do just that, taking into account inter-related environmental, socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse. Yet back in 2012, Cornell University recommended that “there should be an attempt to rewrite existing assessment legislation”. South Africa has one of the most progressive constitutions and policies which read immaculate on paper, but our experiences on the ground prove a huge disconnect between policy and reality. In order to achieve climate justice laws, need to be rewritten by the experiences encountered on the ground together with enforcement of these laws. In reality and still today, the judge places an onus on the applicant – usually civil society – to prove that an activity is likely to cause a significant impact on the environment.
It’s essential that we revise our legislation and policies so that it speaks to the needs of the country and today’s realities. In this process, participation from the ground up is a constitutional requirement, and we need our newly elected Parliament and Provincial Legislatures to push for greater participation and transparency.
References:
- Cornell University (2012) “We have a planetary emergency: Hansen, leading NASA climate scientist, urges unions to act” (http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/news/GLIJamesHansen_102312.html) Accessed 9 May 2019.
- Matooane, M and Diab, R. (2002). “Initial Survey of sulphur dioxide (SO2) pollution health risk in the South Durban Industrial Basin.” Paper read at the National Association for Clean Air Proceedings, Durban 2002.
- Nriagu, J., Robins, T., Gary, L., Liggans, R., Davila, K., Supuwood, C., Harvey, C., Jinabhai, Naidoo, R. (1999). “Prevalence of Asthma and Respiratory Symptoms in South-Central Durban, South Africa.” European Journal of Epidemiology. Vol 15, No. 8. 747-755.
- Scott, D., Barnett, C. (2009). “Something in the Air: Civic science and contentious environmental politics in post-apartheid South Africa.” Geoforum. 40, 373-382.
- Wiley, D., Root, C., Peek, S. and Ramurath, S. 1996. “South Durban Case Study Report: Report on the State of the Environment and Development in the Durban Metropolitan Area.” Volume 3 of State of the Environment Report for the Physical Environment Service Unit, Durban Metro.
Friday, 17 May 2019
Wentworth is stinking with an overflow of sewage, causing devastating health effects.
IMAGES CREDIT: Mvuzo
Ntombela/SDCEA
The eThekwini
Municipality workers strike by Durban Solid Waste, Water and Sanitation and
electricity units is causing grave concerns, leaving the city and many
Durban communities in a stench. This is causing a health hazard.
"As you enter
Wentworth, a strong unpleasant smell welcomes you, resulting in nausea and
dizzy spells. The community is stinking. Sewage overflows the road way, rubbish
left unattended to for weeks and a manifestation of rodents crawl the streets
and into households," said Maureen Rambhadursing, Director of the Poor
Flatdwellers Movement.
This poses a significant
health problem that can lead to all sorts of disasters.
Just further down, at
the Durban habour, a large volume of litter, effluent and sewage is been
discharged through the storm water reticulation system from a catchment area of
more than 200km2 in size.
Environmental activist
and Journalist, Oliver Meth expressed his concern after seen the contaminated
water, both in Wentworth and the Durban Port.
"This poses a
serious threat to both the marine life, those who fish alongside the habour and
people's health. We could have a serious outbreak of disease, if the city does
not address the striking workers issues and clean up the mess," Meth
added.
"We are urging
government to arrange interim domestic refuse removal services, as a means to
prevent the health issues that will arise," said Des D'sa, SDCEA
Coordinator.
The South Durban
Community Environmental Alliance (SDCEA) is calling KZN Premier Willies Mchunu
together with various government entities to take decisive steps in addressing
the matter.
--
Oliver
MethTuesday, 16 April 2019
Friday, 31 August 2018
Massive Fire Hits the South Durban Suburb of Wentworth and Jacobs.
A fire broke out yesterday 29 August 2018 at four in the morning and affected the fence line residents and surrounding industries in South Durban.
Residents and businesses have had enough of the absence of local government officials with regard to flagrant violations of our bylaws by irresponsible companies. Jini Trading the Chinese shoe manufacturing factory situated in Brooklyn Road has a history of unsafe conditions at their factory premises. We want the local authorities to hold this company responsible for the effects of the fire on the people’s health and wellbeing.
Thursday, 27 July 2017
Offshore Oil and Gas Workshop
On the 18th
of July 2017, the South Durban Community Environmental Alliance together with
Groundwork hosted an offshore oil and gas stakeholder consultative at the
Austerville community civic centre.
The final
presenter of the day was Samuel Chademana of Groundwork. Samuel provided
stakeholder mobilisation and push back strategies as well as an advocacy
programme to lobby against government’s decision to allow seismic surveys to be
undertaken in our Indian Ocean. Samuel’s emphasized the plan to formulate and
implement a public awareness programme that will reach out to the parties who
will be directly affected by the surveys.
The workshop
attendance was excellent and people affected came from all areas of KZN. Areas
such as; Wentworth, Austerville, Umlazi, KwaMakhutha, Chatsworth, the Bluff and
even as far as Port Shepstone. Since the seismic surveys will be done all along
the Coast of the Indian Ocean, it is important to create awareness to those who
live along the East Coast and depend on the ocean to survive.
Written By:
Chadley Joseph (SDCEA Project Officer)
Tel:
061 843 6580
Email:
chadley@sdceango.co.za
Tuesday, 25 April 2017
Monday, 3 April 2017
Monday, 27 March 2017
The Residents Plea for the South Durban Evacuation Plan
24 March 2017
BLACK SMOKE IN DURBAN: WHY COMMUNITIES OPPOSE
CHEMICAL STORAGE FACILITIES IN SOUTH DURBAN
SOUTH
Durban communities were again exposed to massive clouds of black smoke billowing from a fire at CWT Aquarius Shipping International in South Coast Road. The fire, which blazed unabated since Friday morning until the evening, was one of the biggest in the area in recent times, with smoke from the flames drifting as far as Ballito on the North Coast and could be seen from Umbumbulu in the South Coast because of strong winds. It brought the Albert Luthuli Highway to a standstill because of poor visibility and as a result of commuters parking along the freeway to get a better look at the huge clouds of smoke and take pictures.
It is believed that the building that caught alight was a warehouse that stored wax petroleum products, which could explain the strong chemical fumes in the air and residents and workers complaining of burning eyes, nausea and coughing. Petroleum wax and a range of chemicals are flooding through the Umhlatuzana River and into the Durban Harbour as a result of the fire.
Once again residents are asking for the proposed emergency evacuation plan promised by the eThekwini municipality for rollout during disasters such as today’s fire. The uncontrolled smoke and fire, like other similar potential disasters in the south Durban industrial basin, posed a serious risk to the health of people in the area, and the environment. The lack of a publicised and accessible evacuation plan is therefore of great concern. There have been repeated calls for an evacuation plan, especially after previous incidents on the same scale, such as the Island View Storage explosion on 18 September 2007, overwhelming smoke from the Engen refinery on 11 October 2006, a fire at the Engen refinery on 19 November 2007, and a fire at KZN Oil on 26 March 2015.
It also again raises the question of why local government continues to allow the placement of dirty toxic industries among communities and along residential roads. We have appealed to the Department of Labour, which has kept secret its findings and reports on such incidents,
to intervene. The recent gas leak, which killed three soldiers at Island View, contract workers and injured 24 people, was another example of dangerous infrastructure and hazardous plants in south Durban.
Surely it is time for the Mayor of Durban, Councillor Zandile Gumede, to treat this as urgent and act promptly in response to communities’ repeated appeals for justice. It is because of disasters such as this that south Durban residents are opposed to the Clairwood Racecourse being turned into a Logistics Park for the handling and storage of hazardous chemicals adjacent to residential neighbourhoods and are calling for such plans to be stopped immediately. Alternatives must be provided for industries that will provide jobs and a safe environment for people to live in.
We continue to call for strict monitoring and compliance measures to be put in place to keep chemical, petro chemical and hazardous industries under guard. We call on the Mayor and national government representatives to meet urgently with the affected communities within the next 14 days.
For more information please contact:
Desmond D’Sa
South Durban Community Environmental Alliance (SDCEA) Coordinator
Tel: 031 4611991
Cell: 0839826939
Email: desmond@sdceango.co.za
No 2 John Dunn House 224 Gouritz Crescent Austerville, Durban 4052 +27 31-461-1991 www.sdcea.co.za South Durban Community Environmental Alliance The Right to Know | The Duty to Inquire | The Obligation to Act
Friday, 10 March 2017
Invitation to Cancer support group meetings
Invitation
to Cancer support group meetings
The
South Durban community Environmental Alliance (SDCEA) will be hosting meeting
to develop Cancer Support Group for the residents of south Durban - also known
as ‘Cancer Valley’. These meetings will be in these three different
communities: Wentworth, Merebank and Bluff. This disease is extremely on the
rise in these communities. These communities are neighbours to two major oil
refineries, big paper mill and a cluster of small chemical factories and
industries.
The
south Durban communities continue to find themselves: choking on noxious fumes,
suffering pollution-related illness, and rapidly deteriorating neighbourhoods. This environment has such negative health impacts such as asthma,
cancer and respiratory related diseases.
The objective of forming cancer support group is
to help the sufferers and provide the necessary guidance and advice to those people
about affected by this disease. Those people affected directly and indirectly will
need to be part of a support structure where they can share what they are going
through and also get professional advice and assistance in the process.
These meetings are meant for cancer patients,
cancer survivors, family, friends and caregivers. If you would like to be part
of these cancer support group meetings please contact Thando Mbeje on 031
4611991 / thando@sdceango.co.za
Thursday, 16 February 2017
Pollution problems - Please fill in online survey
Pollution
Problems
Report
Incidents, fill the
online
survey and call
24/7
pollution hotline
South Durban Community
Environmental Alliance (SDCEA)
has requested that residents of
south Durban complaining
about high levels of pollution
in south Durban to report their
complaints to the pollution
hotline 031-361 0000.
The SDCEA Air Quality officer Mr.
Bongani Mthembu
“When you have reported your
complaint to the hotline
ask for a reference number, provide
the number to the
SDCEA office on 031-461 1991 or
email
bongani@sdceango.co.za with a street
address
and contact numbers. We will
then follow up with a
letters and email to the
relevant responsible authorities
and keep you on the loop. The
24-hour pollution hotline
is 031-361 0000/031-3113555. SDCEA
has developed
an online Air Quality Survey for
Schools and communities
to sign
up . Link to Survey:
Thursday, 20 October 2016
Thursday, 6 October 2016
Friday, 16 September 2016
Invitation to the KZN Environmental Network Press Conference and People’s Assembly to all community organisations and journalists
Invite to press
conference and People’s assembly to all community organisations and journalists
The
KZN Environmental Network which includes environmental and social justice
organisations invites all journalists and organisations to join us as we are
launching the KZN Environmental Network and its program of action against
multinational corporations, government and governmental parastatals. In
addition to this, a people’s assembly will be held where communities affected
will give testimonies to their ongoing struggles they face on a daily
basis.
The
theme for these events will be ‘The Seed of Our Struggle’. The topics that will
be discussed include water and sanitation, energy, food, land and waste.
We
encourage all journalists, members of the public and organisations to attend.
The dates are as
follows:
Press
conference
Date: 14th October 2016, Friday
Time: 9am – 10am
Venue: St. Paul’s Church
People’s
Assembly
Date: 15th October 2016, Saturday
Time: 9am – 4pm
Venue: Durban University of Technology (DUT)
We
look forward to your presence
Thursday, 15 September 2016
Tuesday, 6 September 2016
Tuesday, 23 August 2016
Invitation to KZN Environmental Network Workshop
Invitation
to the KZN Environmental network Workshop
The South
Durban Community Environmental Alliance (SDCEA) would like to invite you to the KZN environmental network workshop on the 27 August 2016 at the Durban University
of Technology (DUT). The purpose of this workshop is to mobilise environmental
and social community groups to collectively join campaigns, share and support
each other in our common good to have an environment that is safe, clean and
healthy.
We need to
look at
a * A
common vision
b *Common
action (rally or something similar)
Date:
27 August 2016
Venue:
DUT - Steve Biko Campus - Urban Futures Centre
(new S2 building, on level 4)
Time:
9am – 4pm
Noluthando
Mbeje
SDCEA
environmental Project Officer
031 461 1991
Tuesday, 5 July 2016
Youth Empowerment: Community Awareness – Become a Guardian for your Community
Community
Awareness – Become a Guardian for your Community
We the South Durban Community Environmental Alliance
(SDCEA) are hosting a Youth Empowerment programme focusing on Community
Awareness, on the Environment, Pollution and Health Challenges. This event is
aimed at youth between the ages of 14 – 25 years to engage and actively
participate in the activities that will be set out whilst been educated and
sharing information on issues that directly affect them. This event invites all
youth from the South Durban Area, Merebank, Wentworth, KwaMakutha, Illovu,
Marianhill, Bluff, Durban and Umlazi. This programme will give youth the
platform to express themselves as the future leaders of their communities.
SDCEA strongly believes by empowering our youth on current community and global
issues; allowing them to make better informed decisions that will shape their
future and in-turn assist in transforming the world we live in for
environmental and social justice.
Event Details Are as Follows:
Date:
11 July – 15 July 2016
Venue:
Austerville Community Hall, Wentworth
Time:
10 am – 2:30 pm Daily
If transport is required from one of
the above mentioned areas, please call us on the number provided below.
We
look forward to your attendance …
For more information, please contact
Wednesday, 29 June 2016
Thursday, 14 April 2016
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